Henry VIII

- Unlike his father, he was cruel and wasteful with money

- France and Spain were now more powerful than England – because of it he wanted England to became a strong in Europe

- He United once with France, then with Spain – but this didnt brought him anything

- He disliked the power of a Church in E. because he couldnt control it – the power of the Catholic church could work against him, and the taxes which he paid to the Church reduced his own income

- 1510 – he married Cathrine of Aragon (the widow after his elder brother Arthur), by 1526 he still havent got a son so he tried to persuade the pope to allow him to divorce

- Cardinal Wolsey – adviser, he thought that he is very skillful and he tried to persuade the pope, but he was under control of Charles V(king of Spain) – nephew of Catherine and she wanted Henry to stay in marriage -> Henry forbade Henrys divorce

- 1531 – he forced the bishops to make him head of the Church in E.

- 1534– Act of Supremacy – it was a popular decision

- He was free to divorce and marry his new love – Anne Boleyn

- He stayed Catholic although all over Europe were protestants

- A place of chief minister was taken by Thomas Cromwell(dříve Wolsey)

- Between 1536-1539 – they closed monasteries and lands they sold t omerchants and buildings they knocked down

- Henry executed prostestants who refused to accept catholic teaching

- He died in 1547 leaving behind his three children and wife Catherine Parr

- Mary – the eldest, daughter of C. of Aragon, Elizabeth – daughter of Anne Boleyn and son Edward of Jane Seymour